Sixteenth+Caluri+2

=Sixteenth Amendment=

By Henry, Raylla, and Elana![[image:http://www.cise.ufl.edu/~dcc/pub/flag/flag150.gif width="134" height="62" align="right"]]

 * What does it state?**

//The Congress shall have the power to lay and collect taxes on incomes from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration.//

(Congress has the power to tax the money you earn from your job-- income tax.)



Congress took money as a way to pay for the expense of the war. Think of taxes of today.. the more money people made, the heavier tax they had to pay; the ones who were unemployed or made very little themselves, had to pay a very low percent or none at all. This rule was part of this amendment to fair out the tax.
 * Why was this amendment created- what problem was it supposed to solve?**


 * When was the amendment created? [[image:http://www.overlandband.org/common_objects/CalendarCartoon.gif width="113" height="87" align="left"]]**

It was passed on July 12, 1909, and ratified on February 3, 1913, when Congress needed money to pay off debt from the Civil War.

Who wrote and thought of this amendment?** The Secretary Treasurer of the time, Salmon P Chase- under President Lincoln
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Salmon_Chase%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait_ca1855-1865.jpg/221px-Salmon_Chase%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait_ca1855-1865.jpg width="136" height="159" align="right" caption="Salmon P. Chase"]]

When you make money from your job, Congress takes some of your money made as an income tax with a set percentage. Other types of taxes are: Property tax, Income tax, Poll tax, Inheritance tax, and Environment Affecting tax
 * Example of this amendment in //"action."//**

=**//Here are some links (articles) that are related to the message of the 16th amendment://**=

http://www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/pdf/con027.pdf http://www.usatoday.com/money/perfi/taxes/2006-10-02-taxes-usat_x.htm http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=a5EJ3wLn_SS0&refer=us

=Due to this amendment, there have been many arguments over different parts and topics of this rule.=

__**Did the 16th Amenmednt really get ratified? Is it really legal?**__

Here is a link to a shock/suprising video about the 16th amendment: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1656880303867390173

//Other Links -// [|http://www.apfn.net/Doc-100_bankruptcy20.htm] [|http://libertyforlife.com/constitution/us-16th-failed-ratification.htm] http://www.salestax.org/library/skousen_16history.html http://www.givemeliberty.org/features/taxes/notratified.htm

They are the United States federal government agency that collects taxes and enforces internal revenue laws. Here is their website : http://www.irs.gov/**
 * What does IRS Mean.........? IRS mean __Internal Revenue Service__

__The 16th amendment was not ratified__: There were 48 states in the American Union in 1913, which meant that 36 states were required for ratification and also meant that 3/4 of states had to approve. On febuary, 1913 Secretary of State Philsnder Knox claimed that 38 states had ratified the amendment. After much reseach by Bill Benson in 1984 he found out that actually only **2 states** had ratified the 16th amendment. That would make the 16th amendment illegal and that the IRS is stealing money from everyday innocent citizens like you.

information found here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBv2Q8Bcp7o

=A preview of the expected Income tax Bracket of 2008:= Check out what might be your income tax in 2008!

How do the issues which prompted the creation of the amendments compare with the issues they are applied today?__//** The issues during the creation of this amendment compare with the issues that are applied to the amendment, which is still applied to today. Today, income taxes take money from the money you make. The money the government and Congress take in are used to build parts of cities and constructional projects like buildings, bridges, and many other needs for the state or region. The governement takes the taxes also through sales taxes and property taxes.
 * //__Essential Question:

=**There were many arguments over if this amendment was fair with the collecting of taxes, which people today might still dispute over.**= Person 1: basically, a massive illegal organization taxes our labor without the consent of Congress. so even though there is no federal law stating the requirement of the income tax for private citizens, and the Supreme Court has said so, if you don't file your income with the IRS you will be tried on a State level where you are forbidden from quoting Supreme Court rulings (probably just that one in particular). which is really, really funny.

the most hilarious part of this lolocaust is that the thumping codes on which the IRS operates are not federal law, and moreover there //is// no US statute that mandates citizens pay taxes on their privately collected wages. when you ask the IRS (or who they refer you) about this they try to play on a constitutional amendment (16) that gives the government no new taxing power but is worded in such a way that... well if you... no. it doesn't matter because it was never ratified before it was put into print. rofl guise.

so for 94 years, citizens fearfully complied with a phantom law that costs them billions a year and actually never returns in any serviceable form. it's not some tinfoil-hat gig. but naturally, most people either want to believe it or they do but are too afraid to challenge it apart from angry internet posts. :B

for the record i still file mine. (shhh)


 * Person 2: Amendment 16 - The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.

how does that outright say there is no such taxing power?**

Person 1: because it isn't a law the Sixteenth amendment of 1913 was __not ratified__ by a 3/4 vote. and why should it be; it was a blatant contradiction of article 1 section 9 of the Constitution: "No capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken." just look at the wording dude.

it was so obvious that it had been shot down in 1895, and even when it was reworded in 1909 to apply only to corporate gain as was the definition of income, it still did not pull in the required votes for a number of reasons.

when i first heard about this garbage in HS i checked what Rotten had to say about it, and they didn't have an article. but i saw recently that wikipedia has very updated information, but downplays it immensely, that the invalidity of the states' alleged decision on "spelling and punctuation errors," that they didn't quote the proposed law perfectly. that's even a stupid argument, because the //federal// ratification process requires the **precise verbage and punctuation of every proposed law anyhow.** and even if they did quote the 16th verbatim, still //way// less than 36 states successfully ratified the amendment. two, actually. mostly it was for violation of state constitutions' ratification processes (jumping the gun) and in many cases wasn't even signed by a state official. the end of the story everyone knows. the sec. of state at the time ignored everything he knew about amending the constitution (as he'd done successfully with 14 and 15, which are valid) in some unknown interest ($) and the amendment was printed and implemented.

so it's in writing, but there is no state record to prove it was constitutionally ratified. it technically never passed. the government doesn't help the situation, by violating the First amendment over and over again (the one where we're supposed to be allowed to know what the heck is going on before handing over our money, without being raided by armed agents.) the IRS repeatedly refuses comment on the subject, as does the federal government despite agreeing to several press conferences over the years and canceling last minute.

that's not even bringing up how Ohio wasn't a state in 1913, when it allegedly acted like a state and ratified a totally outrageous amendment...



My Thought :
 * I Really Wonder if this amendment is really unconstitutional?**

=Awesome, Helpul, Interesting, Fun, And Informational links about the 16th amendment and income Tax!!!=


 * Find out your 2007 income tax!** : http://www.savewealth.com/taxes/rates/
 * 16th amendment info** : http://www.givemeliberty.org/features/taxes/notratified.htm[[image:http://www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/2577536/2/istockphoto_2577536_tax_return_and_money.jpg width="168" height="318" align="right" caption="Tax, tax, tax....."]]
 * General 16th amendment info aswell as other amendments** : http://www.usconstitution.net/constamnotes.html
 * The history and purpose of the amendment**: http://www.usconstitution.net/constamnotes.html
 * Are income taxes really bad??** : http://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=29716
 * Not very educational but a song about tax by the Beetles (interesting)** : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzLry3ABpV0
 * More information on teh 16th amendment** : http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=57
 * Some history on the 16th amendment** : http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a38f68f270eb0.htm
 * 16th amendment actual document/ picture** : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/16th_Amendment_Pg1of1_AC.jpg
 * Real arguments on the amendment, you can argue too!** : http://lighthousepatriotjournal.wordpress.com/2007/11/29/arguments-concerning-the-fairtax-and-repeal-of-the-16th-amendment/
 * Amazing Facts about income taxes!** : http://www.voluntarytax.info/tax_facts1.htm



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